95a	(25)	With well-developed wings and three pairs of jointed, thoracic legs. Adults	[96]
	95b		Wingless or with wings vestigial. Thoracic legs absent or 1, 2 or 3 pairs present, which may be jointed or may be simple protuberances (Fig.s 1 - 3). Nymphs, larvae, pupae, some adults	[105]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	96a	(95)	Wings membranous, not hardened or leathery	[97]
	96b		Front wings hardened or leathery, forming a cover for membranous back wings; OR at least the basal portion not membranous	[104]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	97a	(96)	With only one pair of wings	[98]
	97b		With two pairs of wings	[100]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	98a	(97)	Pronotum (thorax cover) extended back over abdomen and pointed apically. Grasshopper-like, with enlarged hind legs. { 0.5 to 1 cm. Common on grass along streams and in wetlands. Grouse locust ~ Order ORTHOPTERA ~ Family TETRIGIDAE
			Paratettix mexicanus (Saussure)
	98b		Pronotum not extending back over abdomen. Body not grasshopper-like nor with greatly enlarged hind legs	[99]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	99a	(98)	Abdomen with 2 or 3 thread-like or style-like caudal filaments (hair-like structures extending back from the tail end). Mouthparts vestigial (not developed). Antennae short and bristle-like. Mayflies ~ Order EPHEMEROPTERA
	99b		Abdomen lacking thread-like or style-like caudal filaments. Chewing or sucking mouthparts present. Tarsi (end segment of legs) comprised of five "sub-segments." Hind wings reduced to halteres (knob-like structures on the sides of the thorax). Flies ~ Order DIPTERA	[100]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	100a	(97)	Front wings relatively large, usually triangular; hind wings small, usually rounded; wings at rest held together above body. Abdomen with two or three thread-like caudal appendages. Delicate and soft-bodied. Mayfles ~ Order EPHEMEROPTERA
	100b		Not exactly as above. Wing pairs similar in size and shape, or hind wings the larger pair; wings may be held together above body at rest. With two or no thread-like caudal appendages	[101]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	101a	(100)	Tarsi 5-segmented. Antennae conspicuous, longer than head	[102]
	101b		Tarsi with 4 or fewer segments. Antennae short, bristle-like, inconspicuous	[103]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	102a	(101)	Front wings conspicuously hairy. Antennae as long as body or longer; mandibles much reduced or absent. Caddisflies ~ Order TRICHOPTERA
	102b		Front wings not hairy or with microscopic hairs at most; antennae shorter than body; mandibles well developed. Lacewings ~ Order NEUROPTERA
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	103a	(101)	Wings at rest held together above body or outstretched, front pair similar in size and shape to hind pair, although may be narrower at base. Abdomen long and slender, with at most, short terminal appendages. Dragonflies & damselflies ~ Order ODONATA	[125]
	103b		Wings at rest held flat over abdomen. Cerci (long caudal appendages) present ~ Order PLECOPTERA [none in Hawai`i]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	104a	(96)	Mouthparts haustellate (for piercing and sucking): an elongated and usually segmented beak arising from front part of head. Front wings usually thickened at base, membranous at tip, over-lapping at rest. True bugs ~ Order HEMIPTERA	[121]
	104b		Mouthparts mandibulate (built for biting/chewing). Front wings hardened wing covers, without veins, meeting along a straight line down the back (usually not overlapping); antennae with 11 or fewer segments; hind wings narrow, usually longer than front wings, and with few veins. Beetles ~ Order COLEOPTERA	[131]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	105a	(95)	Body more or less insect-like with 2 or 3 pairs of segmented, thoracic legs and (usually) antennae (Fig. 2). Adults, nymphs, and some larvae	[106]
	105b		Body more or less grub-like (Fig.s 1 & 3), with body regions (head, thorax, abdomen) not so clearly defined. Segmented legs absent; legs may be conical protuberances. Antennae may be present. Larvae ~ Order DIPTERA	[134]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	106a	(105)	Mouthparts haustellate (for piercing and sucking), arising from front part of head. { Wings present as rudimentary pads. Antennae 4 or 5 segmented. Tarsi usually 3-segmented ~ Order HETEROPTERA
	106b		Mouthparts mandibulate (pincher-like), not beak-like. { Wings present as pads or absent altogether	[107]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	107a	(106)	Compound eyes and wing pads absent. Larvae	[108]
	107b		Compound eyes and usually wing pads present (Fig. 2). Nymphs	[111]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	108a	(107)	Tarsi (last segment of jointed leg) with 1 claw	[109]
	108b		Tarsi with 2 claws	[110]
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	109a	(108)	Abdomen with pair of hooks, usually on anal prolegs, at posterior end. Freshwater streams, living in cases. Caddisfly larvae ~ Order TRICHOPTERA
	109b		Abdomen with 4 hooks at posterior end or none. Not living in cases. Beetle larvae ~ Order COLEOPTERA
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	110a	(108)	~ Order COLEOPTERA
	110b		~ Order NEUROPTERA
			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	111a	(107)	Labium prehensile, folded under head at rest, much longer than head when extended. No caudal filaments, but may have three leaf-like gills at tip of abdomen (Fig. 2) OR stout spines. Dragonflies and damselflies ~ Order ODONATA	[126]
	111b		Labium normal. Three caudal filaments. Gills leaf-like or plate-like, located along sides of abdomen ~ Order EPHEMEROPTERA

---

© 1999 AECOS, Inc. [FILE:inv_10.html]                          Arthropods, Insects